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The stability triangle and the center of gravity is amongst the important basic operating considerations. One of the most difficult things for a lift truck operator to determine is the importance of maintaining their center of gravity in their stability triangle.
The Stability Triangle
In order to explain it simply, a forklift has a 3-point suspension system. When imaginary lines are drawn between these three points, the stability triangle is created. The operator must ensure that the center of gravity, that is made, along with the equipment and his load, remains within the stability triangle so as to prevent the forklift from losing balance and tipping over.
Centers of Gravity
How is the center of gravity defined? When it comes to lift truck operation, we must be concerned not only with the load's center of gravity but as well with the combined center of gravity. This comprises the lift truck as well as the load it is picking up.
The load center is defined as the load's center of gravity. In a uniform load situation, such as a bale for instance, the load center can be more easily detected. Like for instance, a uniform load on a forty eight inch long pallet, would have the load center at twenty four inches. This load center is very common for a lot of smaller capacity lift trucks. However, if a load is not centered properly, like with non-symmetrical items, perhaps an engine for instance, then great care and caution should be taken so as to gauge the center of gravity.
The lift truck has a center of gravity of its own, that shifts each time the lift truck carries a load. Once the load is lifted, the center of gravity shifts forward. A lot of care should be taken in order to maintain the center of gravity within the forklift's stability triangle. This occurs by following the numbers and not carrying over the maximum allowable, given the center of the load. As well, the load center needs to be taken into consideration. Be really careful whenever lifting the load, the load center shifts forward as well.
The lift truck or forklift is a powered machinery utilized most frequently for the lifting and transporting of products and materials in industrial and warehouse environments. These machinery are usually used within the dockside, warehousing, mining and construction applications.
The forklift could be referred to many different names, depending on their functions. Several different examples of these names include: stacker trucks, lift trucks, fork trucks and trailer loaders. These types of equipment are utilized throughout the world, mostly within the warehousing and manufacturing industry.
In the mid 19th century and the start of the 20th century, the very first forklifts made their debut in the building of the Pennsylvania railroad in the year 1906. At that time, platform trucks were launched to help in the transportation of goods. These first platform trucks were battery powered. The trucks regained their popularity during WWI when extreme labor shortages occurred because of all the enlisted men. This is when forklifts truly arrived on the market to stay.
There are basically 2 main kinds of forklift: those dealing with heavy cargo and those that could handle light cargo. The light units include: towing tractors, side loaders, walkie starters and hand pallet trucks. These machinery are built for handling lighter loads and they are not ideal for very heavy cargo. The machine's specific load capacity is posted on the machinery itself and in the owner's manual. Some examples of the big truck types include: truck mounted forklifts, telescopic handlers and walkie order picking trucks.
