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It was in the 19th century that the machine ancestors of the forklift was initially developed. At this time, battery-powered, small units were invented for the purpose of transporting traveler's luggage at the Altoona train station within Pennsylvania. During the First World War, various types were developed within England particularly to be utilized in the material handling business. These machinery evolved as a solution to the manpower shortage at that time.
Today's equipment come in numerous configurations and sizes. Sod loaders are big truck-mounted forklift units and some of the bigger machines, whilst the smaller equipment consist of hand truck models. There are also a line of automated versions referred to as forklift automated guided vehicles which are basically robotic in nature. These models were made as a means of lowering operational costs and to improve production.
Attachments have been made to fit onto numerous common forklifts, giving them the capability of performing a wider selection of tasks. The motors could be internal combustion or IC models, working on diesel, gasoline or propane, or there are battery operated options that require regular charging. Typical warehouse units would usually be rated to raise between about 1 and 5 tons.
The main advantage of electric forklifts is fuel expenses. As opposed to internal combustion or IC models, these have lower costs per hour. Among the main drawbacks to the electric forklifts is their higher initial cost. Brand new electric forklifts could vary from 20% to forty percent more compared to internal combustion models which are rated the same.
However, electric forklifts offer many advantages including quiet operation. This is a huge plus for indoor applications. Additionally, no requirement for fuel storage mean no room needs to be allotted for tanks of flammable and dangerous fuels. Since electric forklifts have less moving components than IC units, and they are usually used within cleaner environments and indoors, they tend to have a longer overall lifespan.
The battery downtime is the biggest disadvantage of an electric forklift. These units run with heavy, big, lead-acid batteries, similar to the ones found in your car. These batteries are really big and very strong. Normally, batteries provide sufficient power for one standard 8-hour shift, and this translates into 5 or 6 hours of continuous use.
